ccTLD: complete list of domains by country



Every web page has an Internet address. The termination of this address is called a top-level domain (TLD). The country code Top Level Domains (ccTLD) , in Spanish country code top level domain, refer to a specific country or region (for example .es for Spain or .eu for the European Union), so they are also known as geographic domains .

The fundamental assignment of all ccTLDs is managed by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) . However, the administration and registration of these domains is in the hands of the NIC (Network Information Center, also called Domain Name Registry) of each country; for example, in Spain it is Red.es and in Mexico Registry .MX. There are currently more than 200 ccTLDs. Here is a list of all these top level domains with some of their most important features.

The characteristics of ccTLDs

Country-specific extensions refer to the language-speaking region or territory for which the content of a web page is intended. Country-specific domains are always made up of two letters of the Latin alphabet. The only exceptions are the so-called internationalized domain names (IDN ccTLDs) of some countries . These country domains are characterized in that in addition to the traditional ccTLD, they have one or two variants of it in a language that does not use the letters of the Latin alphabet. A classic example is the ccTLDs of Sri Lanka, where in addition to . lk there are also the TLDs ලංකා and . இலங்கை, which refer to the island state in the Sinhala and Tamil languages ​​respectively.

Inappropriate uses of ccTLDs

The counterpart to ccTLDs are generic top-level domains (gTLDs)  that are not region-related but topic-related (such as .com for commercial/enterprise or .org for organizations) and can be made up of more than two letters. However, some ccTLDs are used for other purposes, for example, in a similar way to gTLDs, for the designation of certain types of web pages or the theme of an online project. Linguistic games with geographic top-level domains are common. Some examples of this include:

  • Ftbl.tv – This links website and part Livestream Channel reports on all things football, broadcasts matches from around the world and uses the Tuvalu ccTLD . The extension . tv is very popular, especially in the field of streaming portals (TV, movies and videos).
  • Espana.fm: the web address of a platform that brings together the main Spanish-speaking radio stations uses the regional extension belonging to the Federated States of Micronesia . The abbreviation fm also stands for “frequency modulation” and is associated with FM radio. Consequently, the use of the ccTLD . fm is very popular for web radio, audio and podcasts on the Internet as is . tv for video offers.
  • Meet.me: Translated into Spanish, this expression means “find me” and is the most expensive domain in Montenegro (it was sold for $450,000). MeetMe is the name of a social network in the United States that, thanks to the ccTLD of Montenegro , was able to completely and cleverly include its brand name in its domain.
  • Educ.ar: This online platform is an example of a language game that does not violate the basic principles of country domains. The termination. ar belongs to Argentina, and in this case it has been used by the Argentine Ministry of Education and Sports for the educational portal of this country.

A special case with geographic domains is the . tk . Around 30 million web pages use this ccTLD, despite the fact that the island of Tokelau, associated with this domain, does not even have 2 million inhabitants. Mass registration of web pages. tk is mainly based on the fact that, in the past, it was possible to secure one of these ccTLDs completely free of charge. Even now, the first 12 months are usually free.

The complete list of domains by country

Below is a list of all country-specific domain extensions. In the table there are not only references to the places they belong to, but also to whether or not DNSSEC authentication is possible . The DNSSEC Internet standards can be used by websites to prevent manipulation of the Domain Name System , especially phishing websites that seek to steal private information through fake web pages.

In the last column we show you if you can register Internet addresses with the respective ccTLD that include an internationalized domain name (IDN) . This type of domain extensions can not only be composed of Latin characters, but also allows the inclusion of characters from other alphabets as diacritics in their second level domains (that is, the domain name before the first geographic extension). level). An example of this is the thinkdesign.com page that includes the letter ñ.

As a consequence, top-level domains that have an IDN can add special characters to the already allowed Latin letters, even in the domain name. However, this does not mean that all top level domains are offered at the same time as internationalized ccTLDs , as in the example mentioned above for Sri Lanka. This can be easily cleared up with domain extensions like . is , . mx or . ar , where, although the domain name may include the umlaut (ü) and other letters with diacritical accents (á,é,í,ó,ú) or also the letter “ñ”, the extension (either . es , , .mx or .ar _) must be kept intact. Seen from another perspective, because Spanish uses the Latin alphabet, the internationalization of domains for Spanish-speaking countries is not necessary (unlike the official languages ​​of Sri Lanka).

ccTLD Country or region DNSSEC I.D.N.
.ac  Ascension Island Yes Yes
.ad  Andorra Yes No
.ae  United Arab Emirates No No
.af  Afghanistan Yes No
.ag  Old and bearded Yes No
.ai  Anguilla No No
.to the  Albanian No No
.A.M  Armenia Yes No
.an  Netherlands Antilles (Now suppressed – due to the fact that in 2010 the political dissolution of the territory in the Caribbean was agreed, in 2015 this ccTLD was created) No No
.ao  angola No No
.aq  Antarctica No No
.ar  Argentina Yes Yes
.ace  American Samoa No Yes
.at  Austria Yes No
.au  Australia Yes No
.aw  Aruba Yes No
.ax  Åland (still .aland.fi until March 2015) No No
.az  Azerbaijan No No
.ba  Bosnia Herzegovina No No
.bb  Barbados No No
.bd  Bangladesh No Yes
.be  Belgium Yes Yes
.bf  Burkina Faso No No
.bg  Bulgaria Yes Yes
.bh  Bahrain No No
.bi  Burundi No No
.bj  Benin No No
.bl  Saint-Barthelemy No No
.bm  Bermuda No No
.bn  Brunei No No
.bo  Bolivia No No
.br  Brazil Yes Yes
.bq  Bonaire, Saba, Sint Eustatius No No
.bs  Bahamas No No
.bt  Bhutan No No
.bv  Bouvet Island (registration not yet possible) No No
.bw  Botswana Yes No
.by  Belarus Yes No
.bz  Belize Yes No
.AC  Canada Yes Yes
.DC  Cocos Islands Yes No
.CD  Democratic Republic of Congo No No
.cf  Central African Republic No No
.cg  Republic of Congo Yes No
.ch  Switzerland Yes Yes
.ci  Ivory Coast No No
.ck  cook islands Yes No
.cl  Chile Yes Yes
.cm  Cameroon Yes No
.cn  People’s Republic of China Yes Yes
.co  Colombia Yes No
.cr  Costa Rica Yes No
.cs  Czechoslovakia (now deleted) No No
.cu  Cuba No No
.cv  Cape Verde No No
.cw  Curacao Yes No
.cx  christmas island No No
.cy  Cyprus Yes No
.cz  Czechia Yes No
.dd  German Democratic Republic (never activated) No No
.from  Germany Yes Yes
.DJ  Djibouti Yes No
.dk  Denmark Yes Yes
.dm  Dominica No No
.do  Dominican Republic No No
.dz  Algerian No No
.ec  Ecuador Yes No
.ee  Estonia No Yes
.eg  Egypt No No
.Hey  Western Sahara (not activated due to political conflict between the government of Western Sahara and Morocco) No No
.er  Eritrea Yes No
.is  Spain No No
.et  Ethiopia Yes No
.eu  European Union Yes Yes
.fi  Finland Yes Yes
.fj  fiji No No
.fk  Falkland Islands No No
.fm  Micronesia Yes No
.fo  Faroe Yes No
.fr  France Yes Yes
.ga  Gabun No DNS resource record exists No
.gb  United Kingdom (no longer in use, .uk is used instead ) Yes No
.gd  grenade No No
.ge  Georgia No No
.gf  French Guiana No No
.gg  Guernsey No No
.gh  Ghana Yes No
.gi  Gibraltar Yes No
.gl  Greenland Yes No
.gm  Gambia Yes No
.gn  Guinea No DNS resource record exists No
.gp  Guadeloupe No No
.gq  Equatorial Guinea Yes No
.gr  Greece Yes Yes
.gs  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands No No
.gt  Guatemala No Yes
.gu  Guam No No
.gw  Guinea-Bissau No No
.gy  Guiana No No
.hk  Hong Kong No Yes
.hm  Heard and McDonald Islands Yes No
.hn  Honduras Yes No
.hr  Croatia No No
.ht  Haiti Yes Yes
.hu  Hungary Yes No
.id  Indonesia Yes Yes
.ie  Ireland No No
.il  Israel No Yes
.im  Isle of Man Yes No
.in  India Yes No
.io British Indian Ocean Territory Yes No
.iq  Iraq No No
.to go  Iran No Yes
.is  Iceland No Yes
.Item  Italy No Yes
.je  sweater No No
.jm  Jamaica No No
.jo  Jordan Yes No
.jp  Japan Yes No
.ke  Kenya Yes No
.kg  Kyrgyzstan Yes No
.kh  Cambodia Yes No
.ki  Kiribati No No
.km  Comoros No No
.kn  St. Kitts and Nevis No No
.kp  North Korea Yes No
.kr  South Korea Yes Yes
.kw  Kuwait Yes No
.ky  Cayman Islands No No
.kz  Kazakhstan Yes No
.the  Laos Yes No
.lb  Lebanon Yes No
.lc  St. Lucia Yes No
.li  Liechtenstein Yes Yes
.lk  Sri Lanka Yes Yes
.lr  Liberia No DNS resource record exists No
.ls  Lesotho Yes No
.lt  Lithuania Yes Yes
.lu  Luxembourg Yes Yes
.lv  latvia Yes Yes
.ly  Libya Yes No
.ma  Morocco No No
.mc  Monaco No No
.md  moldova Yes No
.I  Montenegrin Yes No
.mf  Saint-Martin No No
.mg  Madagascar No No
.mh  Marshall Islands No No
.mk  Macedonia Yes No
.ml  Mali Yes No
.mm  myanmar Yes No
.mn  Mongolia Yes No
.mo  Macau No No
.mp  Northern Marine Islands No No
.mq  Martinique No No
.mr  Mauritania No No
.ms  Montserrat No No
.mt  malt No No
.mu  Republic of Mauritius No No
.mv  Maldives Yes No
.mw  malawi Yes No
.mx  Mexico No No
.my  Malaysia Yes Yes
.mz  Mozambique Yes No
.na  Namibia Yes No
.nc  Caledonia Yes No
.ne  Niger No No
.nf  norfolk island No No
.ng  Nigeria Yes No
.neither  Nicaragua Yes No
.nl  Netherlands Yes No
.no  Norway No Yes
.np  Nepal Yes No
.nr  Nauru Yes No
.wildebeest  Niue Yes Yes
.nz  New Zealand Yes Yes
.om  Oman Yes No
.pa  Panama No No
.pe  Peru No Yes
.pf  french polynesia No No
.pg  Papua New Guinea No No
.ph  Philippines Yes No
.pk  Pakistan Yes No
.pl  Poland Yes Yes
.p.m  Saint Pierre and Miquelon Yes Yes
.pn  Pitcairn Islands No No
.pr  Puerto Rico Yes No
.  State of Palestine Yes No
.pt  Portugal Yes Yes
.pw  Palau No No
.py  Paraguay Yes No
.qa  Qatar Yes No
.re  Meeting Yes Yes
.ro  Romania Yes Yes
.rs  Serbian No No
.ru  Russia No No
.rw  Rwanda Yes No
.sa  Saudi Arabia Yes Yes
.sb  Solomon Islands No No
.sc  seychelles Yes No
.sd  Sudan No No
.I know  Sweden Yes Yes
.sg  Singapore Yes No
.sh  St Helena Yes Yes
.Yes  Slovenia Yes Yes
.sj  Svalbard and Jan Mayen (registration not yet possible) No No
.sk  Slovakia No No
.sl  Sierra Leone No No
.Ye  San Marino No No
.sn  Senegal No No
.SW  Somalia No No
.Mr  Surinam No No
.H.H  South Sudan Yes No
.st  Sao Tome and Principe No No
.his  Soviet Union (Russian TLD used since dissolution) Yes Yes
.sv  The Savior No No
.sx  Saint Maarten Yes No
.sy  Syria No No
.sz  Swaziland No No
.tc  Turks and Caicos Islands Yes No
.td  Chad No No
.tf  French Southern and Antarctic Lands Yes Yes
.tg  Togo No No
.th  Thailand No Yes
.tj  Tajikistan No No
.tk  Tokelau Yes No
.tl  West Timor (formerly .tp ) Yes No
.tm  Turkmenistan Yes Yes
.tn  Tunisia No Yes
.to  Tonga No Yes
.tp  East Timor (now deleted – replaced since 2002 with .tl ) Yes No
.tr  Turkey, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Yes Yes
.tt  Trinidad and Tobago Yes No
.TV  Tuvaluan Yes No
.tw  Taiwan Yes Yes
.tz  Tanzania No DNS resource record exists No
.ua  Ukraine Yes No
.ug  Uganda Yes No
.uk  United Kingdom Yes No
.um  United States Minor Outlying Islands (now deleted) No No
.us  United States No No
.oops  Uruguay Yes No
.uz  Uzbekistan No No
.he  Vatican City No No
.vc  St. Vincent and the Grenadines No DNS resource record exists No
.go  Venezuela No No
.vg  British Virgin Islands Yes No
.saw  US Virgin Islands Yes No
.vn  Vietnam Yes Yes
.vu  Vanuatu No No
.wf  Wallis and Futuna (also .fr ) Yes Yes
.ws  Samoa No Yes
.ye  Yemen Yes No
.yt  Mayotte (French region – also .fr ) Yes Yes
.yu  Yugoslavia (now deleted – after dissolution the TLD of Serbia and Montenegro was used until 2010) No No
.za  South Africa No No
.zm  Zambia No No
.zr  Zaire (now deleted, uses .cd since the country’s name change in 1997) No No
.zw  Zimbabwe No No